Stanley Crouch

American jazz critic, poet and jazz drummer. A former adherent of Black Nationalism (a movement he publicly renounced in 1979), he took up the drums in 1966 and performed with avant-garde musicians including Bobby Bradford and David Murray. During the 1970s, he taught black cultural studies in California, before moving to New York in 1975, and writing for "The Village Voice" from 1980 until 1988.